Presidents, vice presidents, Congress, and Supreme Court service are available for historical dates. Past Cabinet rosters have not yet been indexed. Choose the latest snapshot to explore the current Cabinet.

Service history is indexed from 1789. Current Congress is checked against both official rosters. Cabinet coverage is a dated current snapshot. See coverage and methodology

Checked Sep 7, 2026

OPENING THE RECORD

THE GOVERNMENT EXPLORER Sources & coverage

You’re exploring historyMarch 2, 1865

Exact date

PEOPLE. POWERS. PUBLIC RECORDS.

Your government
in 1865.

Three branches. Different responsibilities.
Meet the people who hold office, understand their roles, and follow their public records.

01 / EXECUTIVE

Carries out the laws.

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President

Abraham Lincoln

RepublicanView profile

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Vice President

Hannibal Hamlin

RepublicanView profile

Explore the executive branch

02 / LEGISLATIVE

Makes the laws.

House of Representatives

200 voting members

91 Republican78 Democratic18 Unconditional Unionist10 Unionist2 Ind. Republican1 Conservative Republican

2 delegates and resident commissioners listed separately; they are not included in the voting-member totals above.

Senate

54 senators

37 Republican13 Democratic2 Unionist2 Unconditional Unionist

Meet Congress

03 / JUDICIAL

Interprets the laws.

The Supreme Court
10 justices in service

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Chief JusticeSalmon Portland Chase

Meet the Court

START CLOSER TO HOME

Who represents your state?

Find the senators and House delegation serving on your selected date.

A GOVERNMENT THAT CHANGES WITH TIME

Move through the years.

Change the date to see who held office, how Congress was composed, and who sat on the Court. A new year doesn’t always mean a new government.

Compare two moments

1789 1865 1933 1964 2001 2016 2021 2026

THE PEOPLE BEHIND THE OFFICES

A note about the Cabinet.

Service history is indexed from 1789. Current Congress is checked against both official rosters. Cabinet coverage is a dated current snapshot. See coverage and methodology

Checked Sep 7, 2026