116 Republican52 Democratic32 Unionist2 Constitutional Unionist2 Unspecified1 Conservative Republican1 Whig1 Independent Democrat1 Ind. Democrat1 Union

1 delegates and resident commissioners listed separately; they are not included in the voting-member totals above.

Senate

56 senators

34 Republican16 Democratic5 Unionist1 Unconditional Unionist

Meet Congress

03 / JUDICIAL

Interprets the laws.

The Supreme Court
9 justices in service

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Chief JusticeRoger Brooke Taney

Meet the Court

START CLOSER TO HOME

Who represents your state?

Find the senators and House delegation serving on your selected date.

A GOVERNMENT THAT CHANGES WITH TIME

Move through the years.

Change the date to see who held office, how Congress was composed, and who sat on the Court. A new year doesn’t always mean a new government.

Compare two moments

1789 1865 1933 1964 2001 2016 2021 2026

THE PEOPLE BEHIND THE OFFICES

A note about the Cabinet.

Presidents, vice presidents, Congress, and Supreme Court service are available for historical dates. Past Cabinet rosters have not yet been indexed. Choose the latest snapshot to explore the current Cabinet.

Service history is indexed from 1789. Current Congress is checked against both official rosters. Cabinet coverage is a dated current snapshot. See coverage and methodology

Checked Sep 7, 2026

OPENING THE RECORD

THE GOVERNMENT EXPLORER Sources & coverage

You’re exploring historyMarch 2, 1863

Exact date

PEOPLE. POWERS. PUBLIC RECORDS.

Your government
in 1863.

Three branches. Different responsibilities.
Meet the people who hold office, understand their roles, and follow their public records.

01 / EXECUTIVE

Carries out the laws.

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President

Abraham Lincoln

RepublicanView profile

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Vice President

Hannibal Hamlin